Panel data from 281 Chinese cities in 2007-2022 and multi-period difference-in-differences associated Broadband China, IP demonstration and dual pilots with stronger urban economic resilience. The dual policy was largest, and broadband-before-IP outperformed the reverse sequence.
Key findings
- All policies were associated with gains; dual pilots were largest, BCS exceeded IPCS, and BCS-before-IP was stronger. Proposed mediators were innovation, entrepreneurship and agglomeration.
Why this matters globally
Countries investing in broadband and IP systems may benefit from coordinated sequencing rather than isolated programmes, adapted to city structure.
Thai researcher contribution
Mahasarakham University researchers joined a Chinese team, contributing quantitative and regional-policy expertise.
Limitations to consider
The abstract omits event studies, parallel trends, anticipation, spillovers, staggered-treatment estimator and pilot-selection robustness. Resilience and mechanisms may remain endogenous, and Chinese effects do not directly transfer to Thailand.