Information from the abstract
Abstract. Nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) are key pollutants that contribute to ozone and secondary aerosol formation, posing environmental and health risks. Accurate simulation and forecasting of NOx pollution is essential for developing mitigation strategies. Local inventories in Thailand are infrequently updated, leading researchers to use global inventories such as CAMS-GLOB-ANT for simulation. Global inventories carry uncertainties due to assumptions in emission factors, outdated activity data, and coarse temporal resolution. To address these limitations, this study applies a top-down approach to update NOx emissions in Thailand using the iterative finite difference mass balance (IFDMB) method. Tropospheric NO2 vertical column densities (VCDs) from the GEMS are integrated with the WRF-Chem to refine CAMS-GLOB-ANT emissions for September 2023. The simulations with posterior emissions are evaluated against TROPOMI NO2 VCDs and surface NOx concentration. Results show that the baseline simulation overestimates NO2 VCDs across Thailand compared with GEMS, except in North Thailand. Consequently, IFDMB reduces NOx emissions across most regions but increases in the North. These adjustments improve model bias and error relative to GEMS. However, when evaluated against TROPOMI, we find an increase in the bias for North Thailand, likely due to discrepancies between GEMS and TROPOMI retrievals. Discrepancies between GEMS and TROPOMI highlight the importance of future calibration across satellite products. Comparisons to surface observations indicate that IFDMB shifts the NOx peak to later than observations. This is because observations are strongly influenced by local transportation sources, which are hard to observe and simulate by GEMS and the model, respectively.
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This record has an Impact Signal of 73/100 based on recency, source, collaboration, and bibliographic signals. It prioritizes monitoring and is not a judgment of research quality.
Related topics: Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols · Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics · Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
Thai researcher and institutional participation
Worapop Thongsame · National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand
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