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Annulatascus dongtingensis Z. Y. Wang, K. D. Hyde & Q. Zhao sp. nov. Fig. 2 Etymology. The epithet “ dongtingensis ” refers to the collecting site where the holotype was collected. Holotype. HKAS 150455. Description. Saprobic on submerged wood. Sexual morph: Ascomata 200–350 µm high × 210–360 µm diam. (x ̄ = 270 × 275 µm, n = 10), scattered to gregarious, immersed with long neck erumpent straight through the host substrate surface, black, coriaceous, subglobose to ellipsoidal. Ostiole 400–750 µm (x ̄ = 520 µm, n = 10) long, central, black, subcylindrical or conical, curved or straight, periphysate. Peridium 14–30 µm wide (x ̄ = 23.3 µm, n = 20), with a brown to dark brown outer layer composed of textura prismatica to textura angularis, intermingled with host tissues, inner layer composed of hyaline textura angularis cells. Paraphyses 3–6 µm wide × 160–220 µm length (x ̄ = 4.4 × 185 µm, n = 30), hyaline, numerous, unbranched, septate, constricted or not at the septa. Asci 220–270 × 11–14 µm (x ̄ = 252 × 12 µm, n = 10), 8 - spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, apex rounded, with an up to 120 μm long or rarely short pedicel, and a large, wedge-shaped, apical ring, 3–4.2 μm high × 5.5–6.3 μm wide (x ̄ = 3.7 × 5.9 µm, n = 10). Ascospores 29–32 × 9–10 µm (x ̄ = 30.6 × 9.5 µm, n = 30), hyaline, aseptate, fusiform, straight to slightly curved, minutely guttulate, thin-walled, smooth-walled, with a mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph: Undetermined. Culture characteristics. Ascospore germinate on PDA within 24 h at 25 ° C in a dark incubator. Germ tubes are produced from both ends. Colonies reach 2 cm diam after one month at 25 ° C, circular, cottony surface, umbonate, entire edge, dense hyphae, with brown sparse mycelium ring, light brown to yellowish-white from above, yellow-brown around the brown center from below, no pigment produced. Material examined. China • Hunan Province, Yuanjiang City, Dongting Lake (28°47'58.08"N, 112°36'19.09"E, 11 m), submerged wood in shoreline of Dongting Lake, 21 December 2024, Zhi-Yang Wang, D 4 S 4-1 (HKAS 150455, holotype); ex-type KUNCC 25-20208; ibid., D 4 S 4-1 A (HKAS 150456, isotype), living culture KUNCC 25-20209. GenBank numbers. KUNCC 25-20208 = ITS: PZ 174008, LSU: PZ 174012, SSU: PZ 174016; KUNCC 25-20209 = ITS: PZ 174009, LSU: PZ 174013, SSU: PZ 174017. Notes. Based on a combined phylogenetic analysis of LSU, ITS, and SSU sequence data, Annulatascus dongtingensis forms a well-supported clade sister to A. hongkongensis and A. thailandensis (Fig. 1). Among these species, A. dongtingensis can be readily distinguished from A. hongkongensis by its narrower asci (252 × 12 µm, L / W ≈ 21 vs. 257 × 26 µm, L / W ≈ 9.9), smaller ascospores (30.6 × 9.5 µm, L / W ≈ 3.2 vs. 36 × 14 µm, L / W ≈ 2.6), and number of septa per ascospore (aseptate vs. 3 - septate) (Ho et al. 1999). In addition, the paraphyses of A. dongtingensis are distinctly narrower (3–6 µm vs. 6.5–8.5 µm) (Ho et al. 1999). Annulatascus dongtingensis also differs from A. thailandensis in having smaller asci (252 × 12 µm, L / W ≈ 21 vs. 310 × 13.7 µm, L / W ≈ 22.6) and narrower ascospores (30.6 × 9.5 µm, L / W ≈ 2.6 vs. 30.8 × 11.2 µm, L / W ≈ 2.8) (Hyde et al. 2020). Further, A. dongtingensis possesses aseptate ascospores, whereas A. thailandensis has 1–2 - septate ascospores (Hyde et al. 2020). The new species is also morphologically distinct in its immersed ascomata with a straight neck, in contrast to the superficial ascomata of A. thailandensis, which bear long or short necks that lie horizontally or obliquely across the substrate surface (Zhang et al. 2017; Hyde et al. 2020; Dong et al. 2021). The base pair comparisons (excluding gaps) of LSU show that A. dongtingensis differs from A. hongkongensis and A. thailandensis by 5.4 % (45 / 827 bp) and 0.5 % (4 / 827 bp), respectively. However, low sequence divergence is also common within the genus; for example, A. thailandensis differs from A. saprophyticus by 0.8 % (7 / 829 bp) and from A. tratensis by 0.9 % (8 / 850 bp). The combination of these morphological differences, together with phylogenetic evidence, clearly supports the recognition of Annulatascus dongtingensis as a novel species.
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ประเด็นที่เกี่ยวข้อง: Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases · Fungal Biology and Applications · Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
บทบาทของนักวิจัยและสถาบันไทย
Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon · Chiang Mai University
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