Information from the abstract
Durian peel is a lignocellulosic biomass residue with potential for conversion into carbonaceous solid fuel, but its ash-forming inorganic matter can limit the quality and high-temperature stability of carbonized products. This study investigated leaching-induced ash chemistry modification as a pretreatment strategy for producing high-quality durian-peel-derived biocoke. A deionized-water leaching baseline was first established, followed by comparison with organic-acid and base-containing leaching solutions. The leached precursors and resulting biocokes were evaluated using proximate and ultimate analyses, X-ray fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, CO 2 thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses, simplified Coats–Redfern kinetic analysis, and a qualitative Fe 2 O 3 reduction test. Citric acid was the most effective leaching agent, removing 94.8% Na, 97.1% Mg, 98.8% K, and 91.1% Ca from durian peel. After carbonization at 1000 °C, the citric-acid-derived biocoke showed 94.7 wt% fixed carbon, 2.0 wt% ash, 93.1 wt% carbon, and the highest estimated higher heating value of 37.9 MJ kg −1 . The CO 2 thermogravimetric results showed improved apparent gasification resistance, with T max shifting from 883.4 °C for untreated biocoke to 1041.9 °C for citric-acid-derived biocoke. The apparent activation energy also increased from 238.0 to 322.3 kJ mol −1 , supporting the reduced CO 2 reactivity after ash chemistry modification. X-ray diffraction further indicated that selected biocokes could participate in Fe 2 O 3 reduction under the tested condition. These results show that selective removal of catalytically active inorganic species, especially by citric acid leaching, can improve the conversion of durian peel into higher-quality biocoke with enhanced high-temperature carbon stability.
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Related topics: Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes · Subcritical and Supercritical Water Processes · Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
Thai researcher and institutional participation
Jindarat Pimsamarn · Pitchapa Buangam · Intira Cantapasuntra · Manatsanan Yimphet · Sutasinee Arunwet · Awat Wisetsai · Navadol Laosiripojana · Napat Kaewtrakulchai · Supachai Jadsadajerm · King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi · King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok · Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment · The Royal College Of Anesthesiologists Of Thailand · Kasetsart University
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