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Aureobasidium tremulum Inamdar, Roh. Sharma & Adhapure, Persoonia 42: 383 (2019) Fig. 25 Cultural characteristics. After 14 days of incubation at 25 ° C in the dark, colonies on PDA reaching 27–30 mm diam., surface flat, spreading with irregular, lobate margin, orange white (5 A 2), light gray (5 B 2) at the margin; on MEA reaching 24–35 mm diam., surface flat, spreading with irregular margin, velvety, purplish gray (14 D 2) in outer ring, brownish gray (4 E 2) towards to the center; on OA 30–50 mm diam., surface flat, spreading with irregular margin, velvety, aerial mycelium sparse, floccose, light gray (4 B 1) in outer ring, grayish brown (5 E 3) towards to the center, yellowish brown (5 E 8) at center. Description. Anamorph in vitro dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Vegetative hyphae (2.4 –) 4.0–5.8 (– 7.6) μm wide, mostly hyaline, branched, septate, smooth-, thin-walled, getting darker and thicker, constricted at the septa, minutely echinulate with age, anastomosis observed. Conidiogenous cells (8.5 –) 9.5–17.5 (– 20.6) × (3.7 –) 5.2–7.0 (– 8.5) μm (x ̄ = 13.9 × 6.1 μm, n = 25), undifferentiated, intercalary, rarely terminal, or producing conidia percurrently from short lateral denticles, giving rise to conidia that aggregate in a mucoid mass, or differentiated from hyphae. Conidia (4.6 –) 6.8–10.0 (– 17.3) × (2.8 –) 3.9–5.5 (– 7.2) μm (x ̄ = 8.1 × 4.5 μm, n = 170), fusoid, obovoid to ellipsoid, or oval, or globose, hyaline, becoming light brown to brown with age, aseptate, occasionally with an indistinct truncated base and a hilum, minutely echinulate, budding occasionally observed. Chlamydospores (7.0 –) 8.5–13.0 (– 16) μm wide (x ̄ = 10.6 μm, n = 30), frequent produced in aerial hyphae, mostly intercalary, solitary or in branched chains, sub globose to ellipsoidal, pigmented, light to dark brown, smooth-, thick-walled, septate, constricted near the septa. Endoconidia absent. Cardinal temperatures for growth. Minimum 10 ° C, optimum in the range of 25 ° C to 30 ° C. No growth at 4 ° C and 37 ° C. Strains examined. THAILAND • Chiang Mai Province, Mueang District, Chang Phueak, isolated from Spanish needle flower (Bidens pilosa; Asteraceae, Asterales), Jul 2024, P. Kodchasee, C. Senwanna, J. Kumla and N. Suwannarach, living culture = SDBR-CMU 814; isolated from Carey rose flower (Rosa hybrida ‘ AUSweather’; Rosaceae, Rosales), Jul 2024, P. Kodchasee, C. Senwanna, J. Kumla and N. Suwannarach, living culture = SDBR-CMU 820; isolated from holy basil flower (Ocimum tenuiflorum; Lamiaceae; Lamiales), Aug 2024, P. Kodchasee, C. Senwanna, J. Kumla and N. Suwannarach, living culture = SDBR-CMU 856); Chiang Mai Province, Mueang District, Suthep, isolated from American cassia flower (Senna spectabilis; Fabaceae, Fabales), Jul 2024, P. Kodchasee, C. Senwanna, J. Kumla and N. Suwannarach, living culture = SDBR-CMU 816 and SDBR-CMU 834; Phayao Province, Mueang District, isolated from tropical hibiscus flower (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis; Malvaceae, Malvales), Aug 2024, P. Kodchasee, C. Senwanna, J. Kumla and N. Suwannarach, living culture = SDBR-CMU 838 F 277. Habitat and distribution. From laboratory contaminants in India (Crous et al. 2019); flowers of Bidens pilosa, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Rosa hybrida ‘ AUSweather, ’ and Senna spectabilis in Thailand (this study). Notes. Phylogenetically, strains SDBR-CMU 814, SDBR-CMU 816, SDBR-CMU 820, SDBR-CMU 834, SDBR-CMU 838, and SDBR-CMU 856 belonged to the A. tremulum clade (Fig. 2), which formed a sister clade to A. oroxyli. The differences in sequence data and morphological characteristics between A. tremulum and A. oroxyli are mentioned above. However, the morphological characteristics of the strains could not be compared with those of the type strain of A. tremulum because it is known only from its yeast form (Crous et al. 2019). Comparisons of the ITS, LSU, rpb 2, and tub sequences among A. tremulum strains SDBR-CMU 834 and SDBR-CMU 838 and strains SDBR-CMU 816 and SDBR-CMU 820 showed no significant differences. Although strains SDBR-CMU 814 and SDBR-CMU 856 formed a sister clade to A. tremulum and differed by only 3.2 % (9 / 277 bp, including gaps) in the tef 1 sequence, their morphological characteristics, growth temperature, and the currently available data do not support recognition as a distinct species. Until morphological data and sequences of reliable genes (rpb 2, tef 1, and tub) from the type strain are obtained and verified, these strains are therefore treated as A. tremulum. This study represents the first report of A. tremulum in Thailand.
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ประเด็นที่เกี่ยวข้อง: Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases · Fungal Biology and Applications · Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
บทบาทของนักวิจัยและสถาบันไทย
Chanokned Senwanna · Pratthana Kodchasee · Chirayut Kathongthung · Milan C. Samarakoon · Pannida Khunnamwong · Jaturong Kumla · Nakarin Suwannarach · Chiang Mai University · Kasetsart University
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