Oral Leiomyomatous Hamartoma of the Midline Maxillary Gingiva: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Information from the abstract

Oral leiomyomatous hamartoma (OLH) is a rare lesion characterized by abnormal growth, with smooth muscle tissue as the predominant component. It mainly presents on the midline region of both the dorsal tongue and the maxillary alveolar ridge. This article reported a case of OLH in a 7-year-old Thai girl. The lesion presented as a pedunculated, normal-colored, soft tissue nodule located on the palatal gingiva at the midline between the maxillary deciduous central incisors. Panoramic radiograph showed no bony changes associated with the lesion. The clinical differential diagnoses included irritation fibroma, congenital epulis and non-angiomatous hamartoma. Complete excision was performed under local anesthesia. Microscopically, it revealed soft tissue mass surfaced by parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium with mild acanthosis. Proliferative smooth-muscle fascicles were dispersed in the loose fibrous connective tissue stroma. The diagnosis of OLH was supported by positive immunohistochemical reactivity of smooth-muscle actin and desmin with no reactivity for S-100 protein. Postoperative wound healing was uneventful, and no recurrence was found during the 10 months follow-up period. The focus on OLH in the anterior maxilla, epidemiological data, pathogenesis, clinical and histopathological features, and differential diagnosis are discussed herein.

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Related topics: Soft tissue tumors and treatment · Teratomas and Epidermoid Cysts · Soft tissue tumor case studies