Patient safety events and outcomes in brain tumor surgery : A retrospective cohort study

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Objectives: The problem of patient safety events (PSEs) is still a significant issue in neurosurgical practice, especially when it comes to brain tumor surgery, which is associated with complex surgery and high-risk care during the postoperative period. There is, however, limited literature on the rate of PSEs and their effects on clinical outcomes and healthcare use, particularly in middle-income healthcare. The objective of the present study was to outline the incidence of PSEs among brain tumor patients who undergo the surgical procedure and to determine the factors that can predict an unfavorable outcome at hospital discharge. Also, the effect of PSEs on hospital stays and direct medical expenditure of the hospital was considered. Materials and Methods: The present study is a retrospective cohort study, which utilized medical record review of 572 brain tumor patients who had neurosurgical operations consecutively in a tertiary care university hospital. PSEs were categorized as preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. The study period was January 2024 to December 2025. Clinical outcome on discharge was classified as either favorable or unfavorable according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale. Binary logistic regressions were done to determine factors that were related to poor outcomes. The independent t-tests compared the length of hospital stay and total direct medical costs in patients with and without PSEs. Results: PSEs were present in 29.8 percent of the patients, with most of them being postoperative. Unfavorable outcomes occurred in 76/572 (13.3%) of patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that unfavorable outcomes were independently related to diabetes mellitus, the presence of PSEs, and preoperative Karnofsky Performance Status. Patients who did not experience PSEs had significantly shorter hospital stays and lower total direct medical costs than patients who experienced PSEs ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: PSEs are incidents in brain tumor surgery and are closely related to the adverse clinical outcomes, extended hospitalization, and high healthcare expenses. Enhancement of perioperative patient safety measures can enhance the outcomes and decrease the healthcare burden in neurosurgical oncology.

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Related topics: Patient Safety and Medication Errors · Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment · Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes