Comparative analysis of 347 high-quality Weissella genomes across 16 species found an open pan-genome and extensive accessory diversity. EPS loci had six architectures, and stress, vitamin and GIT-tolerance markers were unevenly distributed. Most genomes lacked detectable AMR or virulence genes under applied criteria. The findings support genome-guided strain prioritisation, not in-silico certification of safety or probiotic function.
Key findings
- The open pan-genome exponent was 0.304 and shell/cloud genes dominated, indicating ongoing acquisition. Most genomes lacked detectable AMR/virulence markers. CAZymes centred on glycoside hydrolases and glycosyltransferases, with species-specific CBMs. Six EPS-locus architectures were found; W. cibaria more often carried regulator-rich putatively complete clusters. Probiotic markers were uneven, and GABA/antimicrobial-metabolite markers were not detected.
Why this matters globally
Weissella occurs globally in fermented foods and attracts starter/probiotic interest, while some strains may pose risks. Strain-level genomic triage can improve selection and food-fermentation standards beyond taxonomy alone.
Thai researcher contribution
Prince of Songkla University researchers delivered a genus-scale genomic framework linking safety, food fermentation and biotechnology.
Limitations to consider
Public genomes are sampling-biased. Non-detection depends on completeness, thresholds and reference databases and does not prove absent phenotype. A gene cluster does not establish expression in food or gut, and 'probiotic' requires functional and human evidence under regulation.