The review covers green MOFs for heavy-metal immobilisation, organic-pollutant removal, nutrient recovery, controlled-release fertilisation and photocatalysis, emphasising waste-derived, biochar, biodegradable-polymer and membrane-integrated systems.
Key findings
- Prior studies report rapid removal, high adsorption, prolonged nutrient release and some crop benefits, with greener synthesis reducing footprints. Performance varies by material and conditions.
Why this matters globally
Coupling remediation with resource recovery addresses global soil, water and circular-economy goals, but “green” claims require life-cycle evidence and leaching assessment.
Thai researcher contribution
Walailak University-affiliated authors contributed to the materials and environmental synthesis.
Limitations to consider
Evidence is largely laboratory-based and heterogeneous. Cost, regeneration energy, service life and long-term environmental fate are uncertain.