Participatory action research around the Thai-Malaysia gas-separation project integrates CIPP and CHIA into a six-step community-led monitoring and evaluation process from goal setting to policy forums.
Key findings
- Key conditions include strong community organization, a community-led M&E team, support teams, knowledge, training, verification tools and a project-independent fund. Six steps culminate in community review and decision-maker forums.
Why this matters globally
The framework links participatory governance with accountability and may inform Southeast Asian infrastructure assessment.
Thai researcher contribution
Prince of Songkla University researchers translated community experience around a southern border energy project into an M&E framework.
Limitations to consider
Participant composition, power-conflict management and post-use outcomes are not reported. One case may not transfer, and funding arrangements can still compromise independence.