The review covers metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles, halloysite nanotubes and chitosan systems for seed nano-priming, alongside nano-encapsulation of nutrients, growth regulators and biopesticides. Proposed mechanisms include stress-response activation, antioxidant enzymes, nutrient mobilisation and controlled release.
Key findings
- Reported studies suggest improvements in germination, vigour, biomass and yield under drought or salinity, while encapsulation may reduce leaching and application frequency. Green synthesis and biodegradable carriers may reduce non-target impacts, but long-term field safety is not established.
Why this matters globally
Nano-enabled agriculture could support food security and climate resilience, but global value depends on manufacturing standards, soil and food-chain fate studies, life-cycle assessment and regulation that prevents burden shifting.
Thai researcher contribution
Walailak University-affiliated authors contributed the synthesis of nano-enabled strategies for crop resilience and sustainable agriculture.
Limitations to consider
Search coverage and study quality are unclear. Laboratory or greenhouse effects may not reproduce in fields, nanoparticle properties vary widely, and long-term economic-return claims depend on detailed cost assumptions.