A 16-week furniture-design course using the 5K and PPP+P two-way communication model reported mean scores rising from 3.14 to 4.93 and a 0.29-point advantage over a traditional approach. It suggests feasibility, but sample and comparison details are limited.
Key findings
- Baseline foundational knowledge averaged 3.42, with gaps in terminology, ergonomics and project presentation. The pre-post gain was 1.79 points and statistically significant at 0.05, interpreted as improved theory, application, analysis and presentation.
Why this matters globally
Bridging theory and studio practice is a global design-education challenge. This locally developed model offers a feedback and two-way communication structure for replication.
Thai researcher contribution
Five industrial-art educators at Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University developed and tested the approach in an authentic Thai classroom.
Limitations to consider
The abstract omits sample size, test reliability, blinded scoring and comparator composition. The instructor-researcher role permits expectancy bias, there was no randomization, and immediate scores do not show retention or externally rated design quality.