Nonlinear energy harvesting analysis of sandwich cylindrical microshells with GPLRC piezoelectric face sheets and FG-TPMS core conveying fluid under hygrothermal environment
A theoretical model describes a sandwich cylindrical microshell with piezoelectric faces, a graphene-reinforced TPMS core, internal fluid, and hygrothermal loading. Parametric results suggest stiffer topology, surface-biased graphene, higher flow velocity, and uniform porosity increase resonance and peak voltage, while heat and moisture soften the structure. No prototype or experiment was reported.