Integrated Techno-Economic, Environmental Screening, and Social Return on Investment Analysis of Community-Scale Sawdust–Polypropylene Co-Pyrolysis for Heavy-Metal Adsorbent Production in Rural Area, Thailand
A scenario-based assessment examined sawdust–polypropylene co-pyrolysis at 500 °C for community heavy-metal adsorbent production. Estimated capital expenditure was THB 46,000 and unit cost THB 316/kg, below referenced commercial activated carbon. The base social-return ratio was 1.39:1, while the hybrid scenario still produced a positive net balance of 3.082 kg CO2e/kg.
Thai researchersTorpong Kreetachat · Suphalerk Khaowdang · Saksit Imman · Nopparat Suriyachai · Nathiya Kreetachat · Kowit Suwannahong · Sukanya Hongthong · Surachai Wongcharee