Challenges and Contextual Dynamics in Implementing Smoke‐Free School Policies in Thailand: A Qualitative Study
Fourteen focus groups in 14 Thai provinces with 122 administrators, teachers and tobacco-control stakeholders found that smoke-free-school gaps stemmed less from absent law than from different authority structures, constrained resources, uneven enforcement, leadership turnover, digital e-cigarette diffusion and monitoring inequity. Teacher networks and provincial endorsement helped, but sustainability required institutional embedding.