Comprehensive narrative-review evidenceCrustacean By-Products Hold High-Value Compounds, but ‘Green’ Extraction Still Lacks LCA and Industrial Proof
This review compares conventional acid–alkali and solvent extraction with supercritical fluids, enzymatic hydrolysis, pulsed electric fields, ultrasound, cold plasma, microwave, high-pressure processing, and deep eutectic solvents for recovering bioactives from crustacean by-products. No technology is universally optimal: conventional methods retain advantages in simplicity and maturity, while emerging methods may reduce chemicals or better preserve product quality but face equipment, cost, energy, reproducibility, and pilot-scale constraints. The paper is therefore a map of options and evidence gaps, not proof that one technology is the ‘most sustainable.’
Akanksha R. Gautam · Soottawat Benjakul · Rattikarn Boonchoosri · Nilesh Nirmal · Avtar SinghInternational Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University · Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University
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